An oxygen sensor is a device that measures the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas of a vehicle. It is used by the engine control module (ECM) to adjust the air-fuel ratio to ensure that the engine is running efficiently and cleanly.
Oxygen sensors typically work by using a ceramic element that is coated with a thin layer of platinum. The platinum reacts with the oxygen in the exhaust gas, generating a voltage signal. The higher the oxygen content in the exhaust gas, the lower the voltage signal will be.
The ECM monitors the voltage signal from the oxygen sensor and uses it to adjust the air-fuel ratio. If the voltage signal is low, the ECM will add more fuel to the mixture. If the voltage signal is high, the ECM will reduce the amount of fuel in the mixture.
Oxygen sensors are typically located in the exhaust manifold or exhaust pipe, just before the catalytic converter. They are typically replaced every 60,000 to 90,000 miles, but they may need to be replaced more often if the vehicle is driven in dusty or dirty conditions.
Here are some signs that an oxygen sensor may need to be replaced:
- Check engine light is on
- Rough idle
- Poor fuel economy
- Increased emissions
- Hesitation or pinging under acceleration
- Black smoke coming from the exhaust pipe
If you notice any of these signs, it is important to have your oxygen sensor inspected by a qualified mechanic. A faulty oxygen sensor can cause a variety of problems, including reduced fuel economy, increased emissions, and damage to the catalytic converter.
Here are some ways to extend the life of your oxygen sensor:
- Avoid using leaded gasoline
- Change your oil and air filter regularly
- Keep the engine running at the proper temperature
- Avoid driving in dusty or dirty conditions
- Have your oxygen sensor inspected regularly
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